The Zanu PF government’s explanation for the parlous state of the nation has been to blame sanctions and to claim that there are sufficient reforms to warrant the Commonwealth re-admitting Zimbabwe.

Second, all the political forces in the country are in disarray. 

As with all elections since 2000, the 2023 Zimbabwe’s harmonised elections have ended in dispute.

Political discourse has devolved into toxic polarisation, with each election deepening rather than healing national wounds.